Incubators based on innovation in France

HANADI MUBARAK AL-MUBARAKI, KUWAIT UNIVERSITY, KUWAIT
JERRY KOLO, AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF SHARJAH, UAE
Purpose – The objective of this paper is twofold: (1) discuss and analyze the adoption of incubators based on the innovation in France as successful case studies, and (2) identify the ratio of performance indicators of successful incubators.
Methodology – The investigation and analysis of literature is an accepted form of desk-based research that compares the works of different authors. This type of approach is closely qualitative (multi-case studies, literature review) and allows a broader assessment of a particular and real situation.
Results – The results of the literature review and case studies indicate the value-added capability of incubators: job creation, entrepreneurship, technology transfer, commercialization, reduction of indirect start-up costs for companies, and graduation companies in the market. The results also show qualitative responses used to determine success rates and key indicators of incubators in various settings.
Keywords Incubators, Economic development, Employment creation

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